Spinesurgery is originally a basic and important part of neurosurgery. It deals with diagnosis and treatment of cervical, dorsal and lumbar disc herniation and all tumors, lesions and fractures of spinal column and spinal cord. Pain managment is also an important entity concerned with facetal joints block, epidural injection and radio frequency thermal ablation of facetal joints to control neck or lower back pain in all patients of failed back syndrome. Head and spine trauma is also everyday practice of neurosurgery dealing with patients subjected to road traffic accidents and suffering from brain concussion, brain haemorrhage, skull and skull base fractures and cerebrospinal fluid leakage from nose, ear or mouth. It includes also diagnosis and treatment of all spinal column fractures. Pediatric neurosurgery is a subspecialty of neurosurgery dealing with diagnosis and treatment of congenital anomalies like spina bifida anomalies eg. meningocele, meningomyelocele and encephalocele and all brain and spine tumors and lesions in pediatric age. Dealing with peripheral nerve injuries, tumors and lesions in upper and lower extremities like carpal tunnel syndrome is also our job. Epilepsy patients also visit neurosurgery clinic for epilepsy surgery specially at the end after failure of medical treatment. It is the same situiation for parkinson disease patients after failure of medical treatment. This subspecialty is called functional neurosurgery. Most of neurosurgeries and spinesurgeries are done using the microscope or the endoscope for sake of accuracy and being minimally invasive.